Today, 17 July 2026, marks an important milestone under the EU’s Critical Entities Resilience Directive (CER), as Member States are required to identify and designate the entities considered “critical” for the provision of essential services.
Understanding the CER Directive
The CER forms part of the EU’s broader effort to strengthen the resilience of
Continue Reading EU: CER Directive enters a new phase as “critical entity” designation deadline arrives
Deepfakes (AI-generated synthetic media capable of producing highly realistic images, audio, and video of real individuals) have graduated from a mere novelty to a genuine legal concern. Using neural networks trained on visual and audio data, deepfake systems can replicate a person’s appearance and voice with remarkable fidelity, producing content that is often indistinguishable from
Continue Reading EU and China: Deepfakes and the law: perspectives from the EU and China
The protection of children online, including the safeguarding of their personal data, has emerged as a key regulatory focus in the UK, with the Government facing sustained pressure to address concerns about children’s safety online.[1] Recent developments have added further momentum – in particular, Australia’s recent prohibition on social media use by under-16s has
Continue Reading UK: Protecting Children Online – A Changing Regulatory Landscape
Navigating Simplification Without Sacrificing Safeguards: Key Takeaways
As the EU begins the complex task of making the European Artificial Intelligence Act[1] (the “AI Act”) workable in real life, the European Commission’s Proposal for a Regulation amending Regulations (EU) 2024/1689 and (EU) 2018/1139 as regards the simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules
Continue Reading EU: EDPB and EDPS publish joint opinion on the European Commission’s Proposal for the Digital Omnibus on AI
On 20 January 2026, the European Commission proposed a new cybersecurity package, aimed at strengthening the EU’s cybersecurity resilience and capabilities. The package includes a revised Cybersecurity Act (“CSA“) and targeted amendments to the NIS2 Directive (see our blog post for further information on the amendments to the NIS2 Directive). The revised
Continue Reading EU Commission looks to strengthen EU Cybersecurity Resilience and Capabilities
The NIS2 Directive continues to evolve – and organisations must keep pace. On 20 January 2026, the Commission unveiled a set of targeted amendments to the NIS2 Directive (“the Proposal“), signalling the next phase of its push to modernise and streamline the EU’s cybersecurity legal framework.
Positioned within a broader legislative package, also
Continue Reading EU: NIS2 Update – EU Moves to Harmonise Cyber Controls, Refine Scope, and Add New In-Scope Entities
Over the last decade, the EU has launched an unprecedented constellation of laws: GDPR, the AI Act, the Data Act, NIS2, the Cyber Resilience Act, DORA, DSA, DMA, eIDAS 2.0 and more. Together – under the ‘Digital Decade’ banner – they aim to form a powerful framework to protect fundamental rights, promote trustworthy technology and
Continue Reading EU: Digital Autofocus – Will Europe’s Digital Omnibus bring clarity to Regulation?
On June 26, 2025, the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) published two sets of guidelines to help businesses ensure their organizational compliance with the NIS2 Directive.
The aim of the guidelines is to support companies in understanding how legal requirements translate into operational activities, particularly regarding (i) roles and skills for professionals within essential
Continue Reading EU: ENISA Guidelines on Compliance with NIS 2 Directive Published
The NIS2 Directive has significantly reshaped the cybersecurity landscape across the EU. Since the implementation deadline in October 2024, EU Member States have been working to incorporate new standards into their national laws, fostering a dynamic and rapidly evolving regulatory environment. Recently, Ireland’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) published the draft NIS2 Risk Management Measures
Continue Reading Ireland: NIS2 revamps Ireland’s cybersecurity landscape: Old regulators, new powers
The Spanish Data Protection Authority (“AEPD“) has published its 2024 annual report, which includes the AEPD’s awareness-raising activities; the collaboration and inspection activities of the Spanish authorities; relevant reports and procedures published during 2024; and an analysis of regulatory trends and key privacy challenges for the coming months. The annual report’s key elements
Continue Reading Spain: Spanish Data Protection Authority Publishes Annual Report
