Over the last decade, the EU has launched an unprecedented constellation of laws: GDPR, the AI Act, the Data Act, NIS2, the Cyber Resilience Act, DORA, DSA, DMA, eIDAS 2.0 and more. Together – under the ‘Digital Decade’ banner – they aim to form a powerful framework to protect fundamental rights, promote trustworthy technology and
Continue Reading EU: Digital Autofocus – Will Europe’s Digital Omnibus bring clarity to Regulation?
On 28 October 2025, China passed amendments to the Cybersecurity Law, marking the first update since its enactment in 2016. These amendments reflect China’s heightened focus on cybersecurity and AI governance and are scheduled to take effect on 1 January 2026.
Key Updates
The amendments primarily focus on the law’s enforcement provisions. Key updates include:
Continue Reading CHINA: Amendments to Cybersecurity Law Effective 1 January 2026
The Threat
Malware usage by adversaries has reportedly declined. Partly due to sophisticated detection methods commonly deployed by medium to large organisations.
Conversely, insider threats (cybersecurity risks originating from within an organisation) are increasing, posing complex and costly challenges for businesses. CrowdStrike’s 2025 Global Threat Report indicates that insider threat operations accounted for 40% of
Continue Reading Insider Threat: Client Considerations and Justifications
Australian Clinical Labs (ACL) has been ordered to pay AUD5.8 million for breach of the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth) (Privacy Act) following a 2022 cyber incident which impacted the personal information of over 223,000 individuals. This is the first ever civil penalty proceeding under the Privacy Act.
ACL was held to
Continue Reading Australian Clinical Labs ordered to pay AUD5.8 million following cyber incident
Visible cyber fallout is everywhere. Impact to business operations (and therefore revenue) including halted production lines, emptied supermarket shelves, online payment unavailability, and patient backlogs have all brought cyber into the media and the boardroom at an alarming rate in the last year. Last week, the NCSC’s Annual Review 2025[1] showed impact climbing fast
Continue Reading UK: It’s time to act – the UK National Cyber Security Centre’s wake-up call for business leaders
Since the full enforcement of Thailand’s Personal Data Protection Act B.E. 2562 (2019) (“PDPA”) in June 2022, the Personal Data Protection Committee (“PDPC”) has moved decisively from awareness-building to active enforcement. The transition emerged in 2024 when a leading e-commerce company was fined THB 7 million for breaching the law.
In
Continue Reading Thailand: PDPA Crackdown 2025: Are You Next? – Major Fines and Lessons from Thailand’s Latest Enforcement
On June 26, 2025, the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) published two sets of guidelines to help businesses ensure their organizational compliance with the NIS2 Directive.
The aim of the guidelines is to support companies in understanding how legal requirements translate into operational activities, particularly regarding (i) roles and skills for professionals within essential
Continue Reading EU: ENISA Guidelines on Compliance with NIS 2 Directive Published
CrowdStrike’s 2025 Threat Hunting Report offers key insights into the current cyber threat landscape. Drawing on data from July 2024 to June 2025, the report showcases how adversaries are becoming more sophisticated, scalable, and business-like in their operations. These “enterprising adversaries” are not only innovating their tactics but also exploiting emerging technologies such as generative
Continue Reading Key Insights from the CrowdStrike 2025 Threat Hunting Report
The NIS2 Directive has significantly reshaped the cybersecurity landscape across the EU. Since the implementation deadline in October 2024, EU Member States have been working to incorporate new standards into their national laws, fostering a dynamic and rapidly evolving regulatory environment. Recently, Ireland’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) published the draft NIS2 Risk Management Measures
Continue Reading Ireland: NIS2 revamps Ireland’s cybersecurity landscape: Old regulators, new powers
The potential criminalization of activities associated with ransomware cyber attacks, including ransom payments by victims, has long been an unresolved issue. This concern has now led Italy to introduce a ground breaking legislative proposal aimed at enhancing cybersecurity and mitigating threats posed by digital extortionists.
Recognizing ransomware cyberattacks not merely as economic disturbances but as
Continue Reading Italy: Ransomware and Crime – A Proposal to Tackle Cyber Extortion in Italy
