On 17 September 2026, the European Commission unveiled its proposal for the EU KIDS Act (EU Keeping Internet Digital Spaces Accountable and Trustworthy), a harmonised EU framework designed to reshape how children engage with online services. The proposal goes well beyond age verification requirements and seeks to fundamentally change the design of digital services used…

Continue Reading EU: Commission proposes a new KIDS Act to protect children online

The first major EU Cyber Resilience Act (the “CRA“) compliance deadline is fast approaching. From 11 September 2026, manufacturers within scope of the CRA must comply with new reporting obligations for actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe incidents. These requirements take effect more than a year before the CRA’s substantive provisions, making them an…

Continue Reading EU: Preparing for the Cyber Resilience Act’s September 2026 Reporting Obligations

On 7 July 2026, the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) adopted its draft Guidelines 02/2026 on Anonymisation for public consultation. The Guidelines provide long-awaited clarification on when data can truly be considered anonymous under the GDPR, updating the previous Article 29 Working Party’s 2014 Opinion on anonymisation to reflect significant legal, and technological…

Continue Reading EU: EDPB Publishes Draft Guidelines on Anonymisation

Today, 17 July 2026, marks an important milestone under the EU’s Critical Entities Resilience Directive (CER), as Member States are required to identify and designate the entities considered “critical” for the provision of essential services.

Understanding the CER Directive

The CER forms part of the EU’s broader effort to strengthen the resilience of…

Continue Reading EU: CER Directive enters a new phase as “critical entity” designation deadline arrives

Deepfakes (AI-generated synthetic media capable of producing highly realistic images, audio, and video of real individuals) have graduated from a mere novelty to a genuine legal concern. Using neural networks trained on visual and audio data, deepfake systems can replicate a person’s appearance and voice with remarkable fidelity, producing content that is often indistinguishable from…

Continue Reading EU and China: Deepfakes and the law: perspectives from the EU and China


The United States Supreme Court’s decision in Trump v. Slaughter significantly alters the constitutional framework governing independent regulatory agencies and may have implications for transatlantic personal data transfers.

The six-to-three decision overturns Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, a 1935 case establishing that Federal Trade Commission (FTC) commissioners could be removed by the President only…

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A proposed common template for personal data breach notifications recently published by the European Data Protection Board (“EDPB“) for consultation has the potential to assist organisations in streamlining personal data breach reporting across the EU while also raising additional complexity and challenges for businesses.

In line with the EDPB’s Helsinki Statement on enhanced…

Continue Reading EU: EDPB common template for breach notifications – welcome alignment or further complexity?

The protection of children online, including the safeguarding of their personal data, has emerged as a key regulatory focus in the UK, with the Government facing sustained pressure to address concerns about children’s safety online.[1] Recent developments have added further momentum – in particular, Australia’s recent prohibition on social media use by under-16s has…

Continue Reading UK: Protecting Children Online – A Changing Regulatory Landscape

On 26 May 2026, Spain’s Council of Ministers approved a draft Organic Law on the proper use and governance of artificial intelligence, aligning Spain’s national law with Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the “EU AI Act”). The legislation aims to create a framework for trustworthy, human‑centric AI, combining regulatory oversight while supporting innovation.

Governance…

Continue Reading Spain: Government approves the draft Organic Law on the proper use and governance of artificial intelligence

Summary

On 19 March 2026, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) handed down its judgment in Case C-526/24, Brillen Rottler, clarifying that a data subject’s first request for access to personal data under Article 15 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may be refused as “excessive”.

Continue Reading EU: CJEU Rules That a Single DSAR Can Be Refused as Abusive